Bohle baemeli ba lenane la lithethefatsi-li-macrolide - li-antibacterial lithethefatsi. Mokhoa oa bona oa lik'hemik'hale o thehiloe ka lesela la macrocyclic lactone. Kahoo - lebitso la sehlopha. Li sebelisetsoa ho laola mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea libaktheria. 'Me ka lebaka la hore chelete ena e sebetsa hantle, meriana e e sebelisa haholo.
Ke lits'ebetsong life lithethefatsi tsa sehlopha sa macrolide li tsamaisoang?
Monyetla o moholo oa li-macrolides ke hore li sebetsa ka matla khahlanong le li-cocci tse kotsi tsa Gram. Likokoana-hloko tsa sehlopha sena li ka sebetsana ka katleho le pneumococci, streyotococci ea pyogenic, mycobacteria ea maiketsetso. Har'a lintho tse ling, li senya:
- legionella;
- spirochaetes;
- chlamydia;
- anaerobes (hoo e ka bang tsohle ntle le B. fragilis);
- Listeria;
- mycoplasma;
- ureaplasmas;
- Campylobacter le likokoana-hloko tse ling tse kotsi.
Ho itšetlehile ka lenane lena, lintlha tse ka sehloohong tsa tšebeliso ea litokisetso tsa macrolide li entsoe. Fana ka meriana ho:
- streptococcal tonsilofaringitis;
- sinusitis e matla ;
- pertussis;
- ho mpefala ha boloetse bo sa foleng;
- Pneumonia e fumanehang sechabeng (ho kenyeletsa le mahlahahlaha);
- diphtheria;
- periostitis;
- sephiri;
- chlamydia;
- mycobacteriosis;
- toxoplasmosis;
- li-lymphogranulomas tse ngata;
- matla a mafura;
- periodontitis.
Maemong a mang, li-macrolides ha li sebelisetsoe feela kalafo, empa hape li sebelisoa ho thibela. Ka mohlala, mohlala oa lithethefatsi tsena li tla thusa ho thibela ho khohlela ho batho ba nang le tšoaetso le batho ba nang le tšoaetso. Likokoana-hloko tsa sehlopha sena li boetse li laeloa bakeng sa litulo tsa bakuli ba jereng meningococcus. Hape li ka ba thibelo e ntle ea rheumatism kapa endocarditis.
Mabitso a lithethefatsi-sehlopha sa likokoana-hloko sa li-macrolides
Ho itšetlehile ka hore na liathomo tse ngata tsa carbon li etsa lesela la lactone, lithethefatsi li arotsoe ka lihlopha tsa lihlopha tse 14, tse 15 kapa tse 16. Ho phaella tabeng ea hore meriana ena ea antibacteria e senya likokoana-hloko, li boetse li thusa ho matlafatsa ts'oaetso ea meriana 'me e ka felisa le ho tsoela pele ho sa tsoele pele ho tsoelang pele ho ruruha.
Mefuta e mengata ea lithibela-mafu e kenyelletsa lithethefatsi tse joalo:
- Erythromycin e lokela ho nkoa pele ho lijo. Ho seng joalo, eona bioavailability e tla fokotseha haholo. Ho sa tsotellehe hore e na le lithethefatsi tse matla tsa antibacterial, ha ho hlokahale hore motho a noe ho lumelloa esita le nakong ea bokhachane le lactation.
- Spiramycin e sebetsa esita le khahlanong le libaktheria tseo li lumellanang le li-macrolide tse nang le lihlopha tse 14 le tse 15. Ho tšoaroa ha eona ka har'a lisele tse ngata haholo.
- Sesebelisoa se seholo se bitsoang Clarithromycin , se loantša Helicobacter le mycobacteria ea mahlahahlaha.
- Phekolo ea Roxithromycin e hlile e mamelloa ke bakuli.
- Azithromycin e matla hoo e lokelang ho nkoa hang ka letsatsi.
- Ho tsebahala ha Josamycin ho hlalosoa ke ts'ebetso ea eona khahlanong le boholo ba mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea strepto- le staphylococci.
Hoo e batlang e le likarolo tsohle tse hlahisitsoeng ho tsoa lethathamong lena la lithethefatsi li ka laeloa bakeng sa bronchitis. Ho phaella ho tsena, ho loantša libaktheria ho ka sebelisoa:
- Dynabac;
- Ilozon;
- Li-azidrop;
- Azivok;
- Phala ea maiketsetso;
- Wilprafen;
- Binocular;
- Benzamycin;
- Azicid;
- Klabaks;
- Azitral;
- Esparoxy;
- Brilid;
- Rovamycin;
- Sekoli;
- Macropean;
- Clacid;
- Rulicin;
- E kentse letsoho ;
- Hemomycin;
- Sebopeho;
- Kispar;
- Sumatrolide solute;
- Clerimedes;
- Elrox;
- Coater;
- Tsitrocin;
- Eryfluid;
- Ecositrin;
- Fromromide;
- Arvitsin;
- AsitRus;
- Azimycin.