Sehlopha se kopaneng sa boholo bo nyenyane le boima ba ligrama tse 13, sekoti sa adrenal, se bolela liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa ho khutsuoa ka hare. Li-gland li teng, ka ho latellana, liphio tse nepahetseng le tse letšehali. "Basebetsi" ba ke keng ba khoneha ho ba le karolo ea bohlokoa mosebetsing o tloaelehileng oa tsamaiso ea methapo le bophelo bo botle ba 'mele oohle.
Libaka tsa adrenal cortex le lihomone tsa bona
Ka tsela ea tlhaho, setho sena se na le likarolo tse peli (motsoako oa masapo le oa cortical), tse laoloang ke tsamaiso ea methapo ea bohareng. Li-Hormone tsa adrenal cortex le phello ea tsona ho feto-fetoha ha sebōpeho ho maemo a sithabetsang, ho laola litšoaneleho tsa eona tsa thobalano ho ke ke ha nkoa e le tlaase. Ho haella kapa ho feta sephiri se patiloeng ho beha bophelo ba motho kotsing bophelong. The adrenal cortex e arotsoe likarolo tse tharo:
- mesh;
- boriti;
- glomerular.
Li-Hormone tsa khalase ea majoe ea adrenal cortex
Sebaka sena se na le lebitso la sona ka lebaka la ponahalo ea sona ka sebōpeho sa porous se entsoeng ka li-filaments tsa lihlopha tsa epithelial. Hormone e ka sehloohong ea reticulum ea lesela la adrenal ke androstenedione, e amanang le testosterone le estrogen. Ka tlhaho ea eona, e fokolisitsoe haholo ho feta testosterone mme e le sephiri se seholo sa banna setšeng sa basali. Ho tloha tekanyo ea eona ho itšetlehile ka sebopeho le nts'etsopele ea litšoaneleho tsa bobeli tsa thobalano Ho fokotsa kapa ho eketsa lenane la androstenedione ka 'mele oa basali ho lebisa ho nts'etsopele ea maloetse a mangata a ho qetela:
- ho se sebetse ha liphatsa tsa lefutso;
- ts'ebetso ea ho bonahatsa litšobotsi tsa banna (ho eketseha ha moriri, ho fokotseha molumo oa lentsoe);
- mathata a ho emoloa le botšehali.
Ho joalo le ka phello ea dehydroepiandrosterone, e hlahisang sekoahelo se tlase, se nka karolo e matla mosebetsing oa tlhahiso ea liprotheine. Ka thuso ea bona, baatlelete ba eketsa matla a mesifa.
Lihomone tsa sebaka se omeletseng sa adrenal cortex
Li-Hormone tsa adrenal cortex ea tlhaho ea steroid li kopantsoe ke sebaka sa likhahla tsa setho sena. Tsena li akarelletsa cortisone le cortisol . Li-glucocorticoids tsena li kenya letsoho liketsong tse ngata tsa metsoako:
- etsa hore ho be le sebopeho sa tsoekere;
- kenya letsoho ho arohaneng mafura, liprotheine;
- fokotsa maikutlo a ho ruruha le a ho hlonama;
- bonts'a mokhoa o tsotehang o hlahisang tsamaiso ea methapo;
- eketsa gastric acidity;
- li boloke metsi a mongobo;
- e thibela ho itšireletsa mafung le tlhokahalo ea mmele (bokhachane);
- laola khatello ea mali;
- eketsa ho hanyetsa khatello ea maikutlo le maemo a tšosang.
Lihomone tsa glomerular zone ea adrenal cortex - mesebetsi ea bona
The adrenal cortex e hlahisa li-hormone tse laolang ho leka-lekana ha metsi-electrolyte. Li tsejoa e le mineralocorticoids 'me li kopanngoa sebakeng sa glomerular. Sehlahisoa se ka sehloohong sa sehlopha sena ke aldosterone, e leng mosebetsi oa ho eketsa ho nkoa ka mofuthu oa metsi le sodium ho tloha mahareng le ho fokotsa tekanyo ea potassiamo liphio, e lekanyang karolelano ea liminerale tsena tse peli tse mafolofolo. Aldosterone e phahameng ke e 'ngoe ea lipontšo tsa tsoelo-pele ea ho eketseha ha khatello ea mali.
Lihomone tsa adrenal cortex - liteko
E le ho hlahloba mafu a mang kapa ho se sebetse ha pathological ea endocrine, mokhoa oa tlhaho oa boipheliso le oa methapo, lingaka li fana ka liteko bakeng sa biolevel maling a lihomone tsa adrenal cortex. Tlhahlobo ea lipatlisiso e thusa ho khetholla sesosa sa tlōlo ea molao mosebetsing oa litho tsa lits'ebeletso tse latelang:
- boikutlo ba maikutlo;
- boemo bo tepeletseng;
- boitšoaro ba ho imeloa kelellong;
- mathata a ho robala le bofokoli bo sa feleng;
- liphetoho ka tekanyo ea tsoekere;
- botlalo bo botle;
- matšoao a ho tsofala pele ho nako;
- oncology.
Ho fokotseha ha li-hormone ho adrenal cortex hangata ho joalo ka ho phekola ha etiology le maloetse a letlalo. Kaha ho na le tšekamelo ea 'mele oa basali ho felisa bokhachane pele ho nako, thuto e etsoa ka dehydroepiandrosterone. Ho eketsa kapa ho fokotsa palo ea cortisol le aldosterone ke pontšo ea mafu a tebileng. Tlhahlobo e fapaneng e ka etsoa feela ke motho ea nang le tsebo ea ho iphelisa ka nako e telele. E ke ke ea e-ba ho sa utloahaleng ho buisana le ngaka ea basali.
Melao ea motheo ea lipatlisiso:
- The terata ea mali e tšoaetsanoang mokuli e sebelisoa hoseng.
- Ho thibetsoe ho ja le ho noa pele o qala ts'ebetso.
Tlhophiso ea ho boloka li-hormone tsa adrenal cortex
Ts'ebetso ea palo e itseng ea steroid e laoloa ke sekheo sa pituitary le hypothalamus. Adrenocorticotropic hormone e etsa hore ho thehoe lihomone ka adrenal cortex. Lebelo le eketsehileng la glucocorticoids le etsa hore ho fokotsehe ha ACTH ka hypothalamus. Nakong ea bongaka, mokhoa ona o bitsoa "maikutlo." Li-hormone tsa thobalano tsa adrenal cortex (androgens) li kopanngoa tlas'a tšusumetso ea ACTH le LH (li-hormone tsa luteinizing). Ho fokotsa ts'oaetso ho lebisa ho lieha ho ntlafatso ea thobalano. Ho leka-lekana ha li-hormone tsa lihloliloeng ho itšetlehile ka mosebetsi o hlophisitsoeng hantle:
- mokokotlo oa pituitary;
- hypothalamus;
- setho sa setho sa endocrine.
Litokisetso tsa lihomone tsa adrenal cortex
Matšoao a mang a tsamaiso kapa mekhoa e matla ea ho ruruha e ke ke ea phekoloa ntle le tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsa hormone. Bophelo ba bona bo ne bo paka karolo ea bona e kholo ea ho phekola maloetse a ho rheumatic, tlhaho ea tšoaetso le ea tšoaetsanoang. Hormone ea motsoako ea adrenal cortex ke mohlala oa ntho ea tlhaho 'me e ngotsoe maemong a' maloa e le phekolo ea phetolo kapa e le lithethefatsi tse matla tse khahlanong le ho ruruha.
Tse tummeng ka ho fetisisa litabeng tsa bongaka ke meriana e latelang:
- Prednisolone ;
- Hydrocortisone;
- Dexamethasone;
- Cortisone;
- Methylprednisolone;
- Deoxy cortex.
Indasteri ea meriana e hlahisa mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea lithethefatsi tsena bakeng sa tšebeliso ea lehae le e tloaelehileng. Meriana ea nako e telele le lithethefatsi tsa hormone ke ea bohlokoa haholo 'me ke feela maemong a bohlokoa haholo ka lebaka la monyetla oa ho hlaheloa ke "lefu la ho tlohela" le ho phatlalatsa litla-morao. Ho amoheloa ha lithethefatsi tse joalo ho hloka taolo e matla ea litsebi tse fokolang.