Ho hlophisoa ha lisele tsohle tsa 'mele ho kenyelletsa li-esters tsa mafura a mangata a phahameng le li-polyhydric alcohols. Likokoana-hloko tsena li bitsoa phospholipids, li na le boikarabello ba ho boloka sebopeho se nepahetseng sa lisele, ho kenya letsoho mekhoeng ea metsoako le ho hlahisa li-cholesterol. Boemo bo botle bo botle bo itšetlehile ka ho kenyeletsa lintho tsena.
Mathata a AFS - ke eng?
Hoo e ka bang lilemo tse 35 tse fetileng, Graham Hughes ea rheumatologist o ile a fumana tšoaetso eo sesole sa 'mele sa ho itšireletsa mafung se qala ho hlahisa li-antibodies tse tobileng khahlanong le phospholipids. Li ikopanya ho li-platelet le marako a maqhubu, li kopana le liprotheine, li kenella liketsong tsa ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale le li-clotting. Matšoao a bobeli le a mantlha a li-antiphospholipid antibodies ke boloetse bo ikemetseng ba tlhaho e sa hlalosoang. Bothata bona bo ka 'na ba ama basali ba bacha ba lilemo tsa ho ba le bana.
Antiphospholipid syndrome - sesosa
Ho li-rheumatologists empa ho ne ho ke ke ha khoneha ho theha, hobaneng ho na le ho nkoa ho kula kapa maloetse. Ho na le tlhahiso ea hore antiphospholipid syndrome e atisa ho fumanoa e le malapa a nang le bothata bo tšoanang. Ntle le boteng ba litsebi, litsebi li bonts'a mabaka a mang a mangata a bakang patholose. Maemong a joalo, AFS ea bobeli e hlahisa - sesosa sa tlhahiso ea likokoana-hloko e kenyeletsa ho ata ha maloetse a mang a amanang le ts'ebetso ea sesole sa 'mele. Leano la phekolo le itšetlehile ka mekhoa ea ho qala ha lefu lena.
Matšoao a ka sehloohong a antiphospholipid
Mofuta ona oa mafu o tsoela pele ka boithaopo, eseng khahlanong le bothata ba mathata a itseng 'meleng. Ts'oaetso ena ea li-antiphospholipid antibodies e thata ho e phekola ka lebaka la ho hloka lintho tse bakang maikutlo. Hangata mofuta o ka sehloohong oa lefu lena o batla o lekanngoa 'me o fumanoa o se o ntse o le boemong ba morao-rao kapa boemong ba mathata.
Matšoao a bobeli a antiphospholipid
Mofuta ona oa phetoho ea motlakase o hlaha ka lebaka la ho ba teng ha mafu a mang a tloaelehileng kapa liketsahalo tse itseng tsa kliniki. Tšusumetso ea ho qaleha ha ts'oaetso ea mafu a li-antibodies e ka ba ea emoloa. Antiphospholipid syndrome ho basali ba nang le bakhachane e fumanoa ka 5% ea linyeoe. Haeba lefu leo ho buuoang ka lona le fumanoe pejana, ho jara ho tla mpefatsa boemo ba lona.
Maloetse ao ho nahanoang hore aa baka lefu la antiphospholipid:
- tšoaetso ea kokoana-hloko le baktheria;
- li-neoplasms tsa tlhaho;
- nodular periarteritis;
- systemic lupus erythematosus.
Antiphospholipid syndrome - matšoao ho basali
Setšoantšo sa kliniki ea lefu lena se na le mefuta e fapa-fapaneng le e sa tšoaneng, e leng ho kenyelletsang ho khetholla ho itseng. Ka linako tse ling boloetse bo hlaha ntle le matšoao, empa hangata lefu la antiphospholipid le iponahatsa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang oa ho ts'oaea ka makhetlo a mabeli le methapo e tebileng ea mali (meriana kapa methapong):
- maoto a tlase;
- sebete;
- retina;
- boko;
- pelo;
- leseli;
- liphio.
Matšoao a tloaelehileng ho basali:
- sekhetho se phatlalalitsoeng ka letlalo (letlalo le hlalositsoeng);
- tšoaetso ea lik'hemik'hale;
- migraines;
- ho tsieleha;
- bohloko bofubeng;
- methapo ea bo-varicose;
- thrombophlebitis;
- stroke;
- lefu la khatello ea mali;
- ho se sebetse ka matla ho renal;
- ascites;
- litlhaselo tsa senyesemane ;
- ho khohlela ho omeletseng;
- necrosis ea masapo le li-tissue tse bonolo;
- khatello ea kelello ea portal;
- ho tsoa ha mali;
- senya se matla sa sebete;
- spleen infarction;
- intrauterine fetal lefu;
- ho senyeheloa ha maikutlo ka tšohanyetso.
Antiphospholipid syndrome - ho hlahlojoa
Ho thata ho netefatsa boteng ba lefu lena le hlalositsoeng, hobane le pata mafu a mang, le na le matšoao a sa tšoaneng. E le ho hlahloba lefu lena, lingaka li sebelisa lihlopha tse peli tsa maemo a khethollo. Tlhahlobo ea lefu la antiphospholipid e qala ka ho bokella an anamnesis. Mofuta oa pele oa likarolo tsa tlhahlobo e akarelletsa liketsahalo tsa ketsahalo:
- Thrombose ea meriana. Histori ea bongaka e lokela ho ba le linyeoe tse ngata kapa tse ling tse senyang methapong kapa methapo ea methapo e entsoeng ka lihlahisoa le laboratori.
- Boloetse bo sa tsitsang. Mokhahlelo ona o nkoa e le haeba lefu la intrauterine le fetaleng le e-shoa ka mor'a beke ea bo10 ea ho nyaloa kapa ho hlaha pele ho nako ho ile ha fumanoa pele ho libeke tse 34 tsa ho nyaloa ha ho se na likarolo tsa chromosomal, hormonal le anatomical tse tsoang ho batsoali.
Ka mor'a hore histori ea bongaka e bokelloe, ngaka e beha lithuto tse eketsehileng. Antiphospholipid syndrome e netefatsoa ha ho e-na le motsoako oa letšoao le leng la lingaka le tekanyetso ea laboratori (bonyane). Ka tsela e tšoanang, mehato e mengata ea ho hlahloba likarolo tse fapaneng e etsoa. Bakeng sa sena, setsebi se khothalletsa hore u be le liteko tse kenyelletsang maloetse a tšoanang.
Antiphospholipid syndrome - tlhahlobo
Ho fumanoa ha lipontšo tsa laboratori tsa bothata ba hona joale ho fanoa ke thuto ea likokoana-hloko. Ngaka e khetha ho fana ka mali bakeng sa antiphospholipid syndrome ho fumana hore na ho na le li-anti-plasma le serum-antibodies ho li-cardiolipin le lupus anticoagulant. Ho phaella moo, tse latelang li ka fumanoa:
- cryoglobulins;
- li-antibodies ho erythrocyte;
- T-le-B-lymphocyte e eketsehileng;
- seninuclear le sesebelisoa sa lefutso.
Ka linako tse ling ho khothalletsoa thuto ea liphatsa tsa lefutso e lumellang ho fumana matšoao a antiphospholipid syndrome:
- HLA-DR7;
- HLA-B8;
- HLA-DR2;
- DR3-HLA.
Matšoao a antiphospholipid a tšoaroa joang?
Phekolo ea boloetse bona bo itšetlehileng ka boloetse bona bo itšetlehile ka mokhoa oa eona (oa mathomo, oa bobeli) le matla a matšoao a tleliniki. Mathata a hlaha haeba mokhachane a e-na le lefu la antiphospholipid - kalafo e lokela ho thibela matšoao a lefu lena, ho thibela tšoaetso, 'me ka tsela e tšoanang ha e be kotsi ho lesea. E le hore ho be le liphetoho tse tšoarellang, li-rheumatologists li sebelisa mokhoa o kopaneng oa phekolo.
Na hoa khoneha ho folisa lefu la antiphospholipid?
Ho felisa bothata bo hlalositsoeng ho ke ke ha khoneha, ho fihlela ho etsoa lisosa tsa ho hlahella. Antiphospholipid lefu lena le hloka phekolo e rarahaneng e reretsoeng ho fokotsa palo ea li-antibodies tse loketseng maling le ho thibela mathata a lefuba. Ka tsela e boima ea lefu lena, phekolo e khahlanong le ho ruruha ea hlokahala.
Kalafo ea antiphospholipid syndrome - hona joale keletso
Tsela e ka sehloohong ea ho felisa matšoao a lefu lena ke tšebeliso ea li-antiggregants le li-anticoagulants tsa ketso e sa tobang:
- Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin le tse ling);
- Warfarin ;
- Acenocoumarol;
- Phenylin;
- Dipyridamole.
Mokhoa oa ho phekola antiphospholipid syndrome - lits'ebeletso tsa kliniki:
- Qoba ho tsuba, ho noa lino tse tahang le lithethefatsi, lithethefatsi tsa thobalano.
- Lokisa lijo ka ho ja lijo tse nang le vithamine K - green tea, sebete, meroho e tala e makhasi.
- Ho phomola ka ho feletseng, hlokomela puso ea letsatsi leo.
Haeba phekolo e tloaelehileng e sa sebetse, mokhoa oa ho beha meriana e eketsehileng ke:
- aminoquinolines - Plakvenil, Delagil;
- li-anticoagulants tse tobileng - Clexan , Fraksiparin;
- glucocorticoids - Prednisolone , Methylprednisolone;
- inhibitors ea li-platelet receptors - Tagren, Clopidogrel;
- heparinoids - Emeran, Sulodexide;
- cytostatics - Endoxane, Cytoxane;
- li-immunoglobulins (tsamaiso ea 'mele).
Meriana ea setso le antiphospholipid syndrome
Ha ho na mekhoa e meng e sebetsang ea phekolo, mokhoa o le mong feela ke ho nkela sebaka sa acetylsalicylic acid le thepa ea tlhaho ea tlhaho. Antiphospholipid syndrome ha e khone ho emisoa ka thuso ea mekete ea batho, hobane li-anticoagulants tsa tlhaho li na le phello e bonolo haholo. Pele u sebelisa mokhoa ofe kapa ofe oa bohlokwa ho bohlokoa ho buisana le rheumatologist. Ke setsebi feela se ka thusang ho fokotsa lefu la antiphospholipid - litlhahiso tsa ngaka li lokela ho hlokomeloa ka hloko.
Tea e nang le thepa ea aspirin
Lijo:- makhapetla a omileng a tšoeu ea meroho - 1-2 tsp.
- metsi a belang - 180-220 ml.
Ho itokisa, sebelisa :
- Meroho e tala e hlatsoa hantle 'me e sila.
- Sefate sa meroho se khanya ka metsi a phehang, tsitlella metsotso e 20-25.
- Noa tharollo joaloka tee 3-4 linako tse ling ka letsatsi, o ka kha metsi ho latsoa.
Antiphospholipid syndrome - hlahisa maikutlo
Bakuli bohle ba rheumatologist ba nang le tlhahlobo e hlalositsoeng ba lokela ho hlokomeloa ka nako e telele 'me kamehla ba be le liteko tsa thibelo. Nka phela nako e kae ka lefu la antiphospholipid, ho itšetlehile ka sebōpeho sa eona, ho tiea le ho ba teng ha mathata a amanang le immunological. Haeba tlhahlobo ea APS e nang le matšoao a itekanetseng e fumanoa, phekolo ea nako e nepahetseng le phekolo e thibelang e thusa ho qoba mathata, ho boleloa ha maemo maemong a joalo hoa amoheleha.
Lintho tse matlafatsang ke ho kopanya ha lefu lena le potsoeng le lupus erythematosus, thrombocytopenia, ho phehella khatello ea kelello ea mali le mathata a mang. Maemong ana, hangata e hlahisa antiphospholipid complex syndrome (e kotsi), e tsejoang ke keketseho ea lipontšo tsa bophelo ba meriana le phallo e ts'oanang. Liphello tse ling li ka fella ho bolaea.
Antiphospholipid lefu le ho ima
Se hlalosoang ke lefu ke sesosa se tloaelehileng sa ho senyeheloa ke mpa, kahoo bo-'mè bohle ba nakong e tlang ba lokela ho hlahlojoa ke prophylactic le ho fana ka mali ho coagulogram. Antiphospholipid lefu lena le e-na le tšitiso e nkoa e le sesosa se tebileng se bakang lefu la fetal le ho senyeheloa ke mpa, empa ho ba teng ha eona hase qeto. Mosali ea nang le lefu lena o khona ho jara le ho tsoala lesea le phetseng hantle haeba nakong ea bokhachane o tla latela litlhahiso tsa ngaka tsohle 'me a nke li-antiggregants.
Morero o joalo o sebelisoa ha ho etsoa tlhaselo ea maiketsetso ka maiketsetso. Antiphospholipid syndrome le IVF li lumellana ka ho phethahetseng, ke tsona feela tse tla tlameha ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse hlekefetsang. Tšebeliso ea li-anticoagulants le li-antiggregants li tla tsoelapele ho pholletsa le nako eohle ea bokhachane. Katleho ea phekolo e joalo e haufi le 100%.