Joalokaha ho tsejoa, mali a motho a na le likarolo tse peli tse ka sehloohong: lik'hemik'hale le likarolo tse nang le sebōpeho-erythrocyte, lekocyte, liplatelete. Ho etsa tlhahlobo ea mali e tloaelehileng ho u lumella hore u ahlole boemo ba bophelo bo botle ba lisele tsa mali le likarolo tsa tsona, ho hlahloba hore na ho na le mafu a mangata a tloaelehileng. Ka ho khetheha, letšoao le mabapi le mathata a 'meleng le ka sebetsa e le palo e eketsehileng ea li-platelet maling.
Sebaka sa Platelet le tloaelo ea bona maling
Li-plateate ke lisele tse nyenyane tsa denuclearized (lipoleiti tsa mali), tseo e leng likarolo tsa cytoplasm tsa lisele tse itseng tsa bone tsa marrow - megakaryocytes. Sebopeho sa li-platelet se hlaha mokong oa bone, ka mor'a moo li kenella mali.
Lisele tsena tsa mali li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa - li fana ka ho koala mali (hammoho le liprotheine tse ling tsa mali). Ka lebaka la li-platelet, ha marako a lijana a senyehile, ho na le lisosa tse hlahisoang, kahoo sejana se senyehileng se koahetsoe ke clot (clot). Ka hona, ho tsoa mali ho emisa 'me' mele o sireletsoa mali ho lahleheloa ke mali.
Haufinyane tjena, ho thehiloe hore liplatelete li boetse li kopanela ho tsosolosoa ha lihlahisoa tse amehileng, ho lokolla seo ho thoeng ke ho hōla ho hlahisang tsoelo-pele ea liselefouno.
Platelet e phela matsatsi a 7 ho isa ho a 10 feela, e lula e nchafatsoa. Ka hona, mokhoa oa ho sebetsana le li-platelet tsa khale le tlhahiso ea tse ncha ke ts'ebetso ea kamehla meleng oa motho ea phetseng hantle. Lintho tse tloaelehileng tsa li-platelet ka litha e le nngwe tsa mali a maholo li fapana pakeng tsa 180 - 320 × 109 lisele. Ha tekanyo e pakeng tsa sebopeho sa lisele tse ncha le tšebeliso ea litšila li senyeha, ho hlaha mafu.
Ho phahamisa li-platelet maling - li baka
Palo e ntseng e eketseha ea li-platelet maling e etsa hore ho be le keketseho ea thrombose le ho koala methapo ea mali. Sebaka sena sa ho kula se bitsoa thrombocytosis 'me se arotsoe ka mefuta e' meli - e ka sehloohong le ea bobeli.
Thrombocytosis e ka sehloohong e amahanngoa le ho se sebetse ha lisele tsa masapo a bone, e leng se hlahisang keketseho e tsotehang palo ea liplatelete tsa mali maling. Tlhaloso e akaretsang ea mali e ka bontša hore liplatelete li phahamisetsoa ho 800 - 1200 × 109 lisele / l le ho feta. E le molao, thepa ea motheo ea thrombocytosis e fumanoa ka phoso, hobane maemong a mangata, lefu lena ha le na litlhaloso tse hlakileng tsa kliniki. Ke maemong a mang feela matšoao a latelang a ka hlokomeloa:
- hlooho ea hlooho;
- ho tšeloa ha mali ka tlaase;
- ho tsoa mali (masapo, uterine, joalo-joalo);
- letlalo la mokokotlo oa letlalo, joalo-joalo.
Litekanyo tse phahameng tsa platelet maling a nang le thrombocytosis ea bobeli e ka bakoa ke mabaka a mabeli le a 'mele. E le molao, ka thrombocytosis ea bobeli, lenane la li-plateleteng ha li na li-1000 × 109 lisele / litha e le nngwe.
Lisosa tsa 'mele tsa palo e ntseng e eketseha ea li-platelet maling e ka' na ea e-ba:
- ho fetela holimo;
- ho eketsa adrenaline maling;
- ho ima.
Matšoao a ka 'nang a e-ba teng a bakoang ke mafu a etsang hore platelet e eketsehileng ka mali e atisa ho ba latelang:
- Maloetse a tšoaetsanoang le a chesang a bakoang ke likokoana-hloko, libaktheria, li-fungus, likokoana-hloko (lefu la sebete, pneumonia, meningitis, thrush, encephalitis, joalo-joalo).
- Ho tswa mali ho tsoa.
- Litšebeletso tsa ho buoa le tšenyo e mpe ea litho.
- Sarcoidosis ke lefu la ho ruruha ha tsamaiso eo litho tse ling le litsamaiso (hangata matšoafo) li amehang ka ho thehoa ha li-granules (li-nodules) ho tsona.
- Ho tloswa ha spleen - e leng setho se kopanelang ho lahla lilatelete tsa khale, 'me se boloka hoo e ka bang karolo ea 30 lekholong ea liplatelete tsa mali.
- Tšenyo e khōlō ea lisele ka ho foqoha ha mokokotlo kapa li-necrosis tsa lisele.
- Ho haelloa ke tšepe 'meleng.
- Maloetse a likokoanyana.
- Ho amohela meriana e itseng.