Mafu a phekolo ea ho phefumoloha a tsamaisana le likokoana-hloko tsa bronchial, tse kang asthma, boloetse bo sa foleng ba ho thibela lefuba (COPD), bronchitis, li-bronchodilator tse khethehileng li laeloa. Nakong e fetileng, mekhoa e sebetsang ka ho fetisisa sehlopheng sena ke adrenaline, e nang le litla-morao tse ngata. Maiphihlelo a kajeno a meriana a etsa hore ho khonehe hore u tlohele tšebeliso ea eona ka ho feletseng.
Litokisetso le khato ea bronchodilator
Meriana e teng e kenyelletsa lihlopha tse peli tsa lik'hemik'hale:
- cholinolytics;
- adrenomimetics (li-adrenostimulants).
Mofuta oa pele oa lithethefatsi tsa bronchodilator o ama li-receptors, tse nang le boikarabelo ba ho halefisoa ke ho fela ha methapo. Mofuta oa bobeli o hlahisa phello e tobileng ea ho thibela spasm ka ho atolosa lisele tsa bronchi. Ka hona, anticholinergics ha e e-s'o behoe e le monopreparations, e sebelisoa feela ha e kopane le adrenomimetics.
Hape ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore sephetho sa mosebetsi oa adrenostimulyatorov se hlokomeloa kamor'a metsotso e 15-20 kamora 'muso. Letšoao lena la anticholinergics le tsoa metsotso e 30 ho isa ho e 50, empa phello ea eona e telele haholo.
Boronchodilator litokisetso tsa bronchitis
Sehlopha se nkiloeng sa lithethefatsi se laeloa, e le molao, bakeng sa phekolo ea lefu le sa foleng.
Li-cholinolytics:
- Trententhol;
- Atrovent;
- Truvent.
Melemo ea li-bronchodilator tsena bakeng sa ho inhalation ke palo e nyenyane ea litla-morao, ho se be le liphello tse mpe mokhoeng oa pelo.
Ka ho tšoanang, ho hlokahala hore u sebelise bahanyetsi ba beta-2 (adrenomimetics):
- Fenoterol;
- Salbutamol;
- Berotek;
- Ventolin.
Ela hloko haholo-holo e lokela ho lefshoa ho meriana ea kajeno e kopantsoeng, e kopanyang batho ba nang le mekhoa e metle le ea cholinolytics - Berodual . E itšetlehile ka likarolo tse peli tse sebetsang, ho matlafatsa liketso tsa bona, kahoo nako e ntse e sebetsa ka ho fetisisa.
Hape, ngaka e ka eletsa chelete ea theophylline sehlopha (methylxanthines):
- Monyetla;
- Teolek;
- Durofillin;
- Sloufillin;
- Eufilong;
- Retafil.
Bronchodilators ba nang le asthma
Lenaneo le khothaletsoeng la ho phekola le thehiloe ho khetholla e 'ngoe ea meriana e meraro (adrenomimetics):
- Albuterol;
- Fenoterol;
- Terbutaline.
Li sebetsa ka tsela e tšoanang ebile li sireletsehile.
Haeba u ke ke ua sebelisa e 'ngoe ea lithethefatsi tsena tse tharo, u ka reka:
- Salbutamol;
- Berotek;
- Ventolin;
- Serevent;
- Brikanil;
- Setsebi sa linaleli;
- Isadrin;
- Foradyl;
- Sebete;
- Bronkaid Mist;
- Novodrin.
Har'a lingaka tsa holinolitikov li eletsa meriana e mene:
- Truvent;
- Ventilate;
- Atrovent;
- Oxyvent.
Lithethefatsi tsa bronchodilator ho COPD
Ka ho matlafala ha lefu lena le sa foleng le ho fokotsa mafu, mekhoa ea phekolo e khethiloeng ka bomong e sebelisoa, e kenyeletsang tse latelang:
- Truvent le Atrovent (holinolitiki);
- ho sebelisa lithethefatsi hampe ka lebaka la albuterol (Ventolin le Salbutamol);
- Fenoterol.
Maemong a sa tloaelehang, ka tsela e boima ea lefu lena, methylxanthine e kenyelletsoa, haholo-holo, Eufilong le Teolek.
Litlhare tsa batho ba li-brondilating
Ho sebelisa meriana e joalo, e lokela ho hopoloa hore ha e hlahise liphello tse potlakileng tse kang adrenomimetics esita le anticholinergics, li thusa feela ka kamohelo e telele.
Tincture ea Ginger:
- Grind 400 g ya motsoako oa ginger, tšela ka hloekisa joala (0.5 a etsang dilitara tse).
- Tsitlella sebakeng se mofuthu (ka fensetereng) libeke tse peli, letsatsi le lumelloa ho kenya setsing sena.
- Qoba ho rarolla tharollo 'me u tsoe ka har'a makhasi ao.
- Noa teaspoon e 1 ea tincture, u hlatsoe ka li-sips tse 3 tsa metsi. Nka lijo ka makhetlo a mabeli ka letsatsi.
Tlhaloso ea li-garlic-lemon:
- Lemons tse hlano le lihlooho tse peli tsa konofolo e sila, kopanya metsi a 1 litha e le 'ngoe, pholile hanyenyane kapa mocheso oa mohatsela.
- Tsitlella matsatsi a 5 ntle le ho kenya ka sehatsetsing.
- Qoba ho sebelisa lithethefatsi.
- Noa ka makhetlo a mararo ka letsatsi, 1 tablespoon hoo e ka bang metsotso e 20 pele ho lijo.