Lebaka le tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa la ambulense ea mohala ke mathata a mangata a meriana, ao matšoao ao a tloaetseng ho a tseba ho hoo e ka bang karolo ea boraro ea bakuli ba nang le khatello ea kelello ea bohlokoa. Bothata bo hloka tlhokomelo ea meriana e potlakileng, e nang le, pele ho tsohle, ho fokotsa khatello ea mali (BP).
Kemiso
Ho na le mefuta e latelang ea mathata:
- Hyperkinetic - e tloaelehile bakeng sa mekhahlelo ea pele ea khatello ea mali e feteletseng 'me e hlaha ka potlako. Lihlopha tsa lilemong tse mashome tse fetileng, boemo bona bo ne bo bitsoa bothata ba khatello e matla ea mali - matšoao a eona a teng ho seo ho thoeng. "Lipontšo tsa meroho". Mokuli o thothomela ke mesifa, o rohakana haholo, ho otloa ha pelo ho eketseha, bofubelu bo ka hlaha letlalong. Bothata bo joalo bo nka lihora tse 3 ho isa ho tse 4.
- Hypokinetic - e iponahatsa e le matsatsing a morao-rao ea khatello ea meriana, 'me e tsoela pele butle' me e nka ho tloha ho lihora tse 4 ho ea ho matsatsi a 'maloa.
Matšoao a mathata a nang le khatello ea mali
Bakeng sa bothata ba mofuta oa pele ke tšobotsi:
- ho eketsa khatello (ka ho khetheha moeli o ka holimo, e leng systolic) ho 200 mm Hg. Art. le ho feta;
- tekanyo ea pelo e eketsehileng;
- ho eketseha ha khatello ea mali (phapang lipakeng tsa khatello e phahameng ea mali).
Mantsoe ana a hlalositsoeng ka holimo a "lipontšo tsa limela" a hlokomeloa, bakuli ba holimo haholo. Nakong ea mahlomola a hyperkinetic, adrenaline e kenella maling, ka lebaka la khatello ea mali ea systolic e eketseha, tachycardia le hyperglycemia ntshetsopele (ho eketseha ha lebelo la glucose). Hlooho e bohloko haholo nape ea molaleng, pele mahlo a fofa "lintsintsi", khatello e utloahala litempeleng.
Matšoao a maholo a maqakabetsing a mokuli a mofuta oa bobeli a bakoa ke keketseho ea khatello ea mali - bobeli le bo ka tlase bo fihlella lipalo tse kholo, leha ho le joalo, ho phahama ha khatello ea mali ea diastolic e ntse e eketseha, maling ho na le norepinephrine e ngata. Bakuli ba shebahala ba sa sireletsehe, ba tepeloa ke ho otsela, ho ba le botsoa, ho hloohoa ke pelo, ho nyeheloa ke pelo.
Hangata, bothata ba kankere ea mali bo na le matšoao a tsoaloang ka bobeli le bobeli. Maemong a mang, mokuli a ka 'na a qala ho tšoaroa ke lefu, a shoele litho, a senyeha.
Lisosa tsa mathata a nang le khatello ea kelello
Khatelo ea bothata e susumetsoa ke lintlha tse latelang:
- ho felisoa ha lithethefatsi tse thibelang matla a maholo tse nkiloeng khahlanong le bothata ba khatello ea meriana;
- liphetoho ka tšohanyetso maemo a leholimo;
- khatello ea kelello ea maikutlo, khatello ea kelello ;
- ho noa joala kapa letsoai le leholo.
Ho phaella moo, sesosa sa mathata a nang le khatello ea meriana e ka koaheloa ka boteng ba lefu lena, letšoao la hore na ke mang. Kahoo bothata hangata bo etsahala ho bakuli ba nang le:
- ho senya lijana tsa liphio;
- pheochromocytoma;
- Lefu la Cushing;
- Mathata a Connes, joalo-joalo.
Leha ho le joalo, batho ba nang le khatello ea mali e phahameng (ts'ebetsong e phahameng ea mali) ba ameha haholo ke ntlafatso ea bothata.
Thuso ea pele
Kaha mathata a nang le tšoaetso ea mali a na le liphello tse tebileng, matšoao a lokela ho tlosoa hang-hang. Ho etsa sena, sebelisa lithethefatsi tse fokolang (li-antihypertensive) lithethefatsi:
- propranolol kapa tse ling tsa beta-blockers li loketse tachycardia (lebelo la pelo ka potlako);
- Captopril e atleha haeba ho na le histori ea lefu la tsoekere, pelo ea ho hlōleha, lefu la cardiosclerosis;
- Nifedipine bakeng sa ho tlosoa ha matšoao a mathata a nang le khatello ea mali e fanoa nakong ea bokhachane, lefu la bokooa kapa la lefu la liphio.
Ho tloha ha bothata bo hlaha haholo bathong ba nang le ts'oaetso ea mali, lithethefatsi tse loketseng li tlameha ho ba teng. Pele ho fihla ambulense, o ka beha plaster maotong kapa ka tlaase morao, etsa libese tsa maoto a chesang, sebelisa compress e batang hloohong. Mokuli o hloka phomolo e feletseng - 'meleng le maikutlong.
Ho fokotsa khatello ea mali ha ho hlokahale hore e be ka matla haholo, ka tsela e nepahetseng - 10 mm Hg. ka hora.