Khatello ea batho e tloaelehileng ke parameter e leng karolo ea bohlokoa ea ho itšireletsa ha maemo a ka hare a 'mele. Khatello ea mali e tiisa hore litho tsohle li na le mali, 'me haeba maemo a tloaelehileng a fetoha, ho na le kotsi bakeng sa bophelo bo botle, empa hape le bophelo. Ka hona, ke habohlokoa ho laola boholo ba eona.
Khatello e tloaelehileng ho motho ka lilemo
Khatello ea mali e bontša matla ao tšollo ea mali e nang le 'ona e amang marako a methapo ea mali. Bohlokoa ba eona bo amana le makhetlo a mangata le matla a lipelo tsa pelo, hammoho le tekanyo ea mali eo pelo e ka fetang ka eona ka nako ea nako. Bakeng sa motho e mong le e mong, khatello e tloaelehileng ke boleng ba motho ka bomong, bo itšetlehileng ka bohlokwa, boemo ba pelo ea methapo ea pelo, mokhoa oa bophelo le lintho tse ling. Ho phaella moo, litekanyo tsa parameter ena li ka fapana nakong ea letsatsi, tse amanang le lijo, boikoetliso, khatello ea maikutlo le joalo-joalo.
Lingaka li behile likarolo tse nepahetseng tsa khatello ea mali, ha batho ba bangata ba fumanoa ba e-na le tšebetso e babatsehang ea 'mele le bophelo bo botle. Khatello e tloaelehileng ho motho e moholo e itšetlehile ka lilemo, hobane ka mor'a nako, khatello ea mali e ntse e eketseha butle-butle. Tabeng ena, tafole ea mekhoa e metle ea khatello ea lilemo e tsoetse pele. Melao e amohelehang e lumella ho hlahloba bophelo bo botle ba bakuli, ho belaela hore ho na le mefokolo e itseng.
E mong le e mong o lokela ho tseba khatello e tloaelehileng eo motho a lokelang ho ba le eona, 'me khatello ea mofuta ofe e ka nkoa e le ea bohlokoa ka ho khetheha.
E lokela ho hopoloa hore khatello e lokela ho lekanyetsoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng, ka maemo a latelang:
- Ke tse lakatsehang ho shebella ka nako e ts'oanang ea letsatsi.
- Halofo ea hora pele ho tekanyo, u ke ke ua noa senoa sa cafeine, ja kapa u tsuba.
- Pele o lekanya, o lokela ho boloka phomolo e feletseng bakeng sa metsotso e 5.
- Tekanyo e entsoe sebakeng se lutseng, ho beha letsoho tafoleng ka bobeli ba pelo, ha o sa bue le ho falla.
Khatello ea batho e tloaelehileng ka lilemo (lilemo) - tafole:
Nako ea motho, lilemo | Ntho ea khatello, mm Hg. Art. |
16-20 | 110 / 70-120 / 80 |
20-40 | 120 / 70-130 / 80 |
40-60 | ho fihlela ho 140/90 |
ho feta 60 | ho fihlela ho 150/90 |
Khatello ea metsoako - e tloaelehileng
Ha ho lekanyelloa khatello ea mali, litekanyetso tse peli li tlalehiloe, li arotsoe ke karoloana. Nomoro ea pele - khatello ea systolic, ea bobeli-diastolic. Nahana ka khatello ea mali ea systolic, eo hape e bitsoang holimo kapa pelo. Bohloko ba eona bo bonahatsa khatello e phahameng ea mali e etsahalang motsotsong oa systole - ho qhibiliha ha mesifa ea pelo. Haeba phapang e le e tloaelehileng (bakeng sa batho ba lilemong tse bohareng - hoo e ka bang 120 mm Hg), sena se bolela hore pelo e otla ka matla a tloaelehileng le makhetlo, mme ho hanyetsa marako a maqhubu ho lekane.
Khatello ea diastolic ke ntho e tloaelehileng
Khatello ea diastolic ke khatello e fokolang ea tšollo ea mali ka methapong, e tsitsitseng ka ho phomola ka ho feletseng ha mesifa ea pelo, ke hore, nakong ea diastole. Mabitso a mang bakeng sa letšoao lena a fokotsehile, a na le mesifa. Bakeng sa batho ba lilemong tse bohareng ba phelang hantle, khatello e tloaelehileng ea diastolic e haufi le 80 mm Hg. Art. Letšoao lena le bonahatsa ho thibela mesifa.
Khatello e phahameng le e tlase, phapang ke ntho e tloaelehileng
Hase feela hore litekanyetso tsa khatello e ka holimo le e tlaase ke tsa bohlokoa, empa hape ke phapang pakeng tsa lipalo tsena tse peli. Lingaka li re palo ena ke letšoao la 'mele, mme ka tloaelo ha ea lokela ho feta 30-50 mm Hg. Art. Haeba litekanyetso li ntse li eketseha, monyetla oa hore motho a hlaphoheloe ke lefu la pelo ho motho o phahame. Ho kenyelletsa sena ka linako tse ling ho bontša tlhaselo ea pelo e atamelang kapa stroke. Ho phaella moo, ha khatello ea mali e lekanyetsoa, e ka holimo le e ka tlaase, phapang e kholo pakeng tsa litefello e ka bontša tšenyo ea litho tsa 'mele, ho lefuba.
Ka lekhalo le fokolang pakeng tsa litekanyetso tsa khatello e ka holimo le e tlaase, hape, mafu a kotsi a methapo ea pelo e tsitsitse, e lebisang ho hypoxia, ho fokola ho holofetseng, ho fetoha ha likopi, ho tšoaroa ha pelo, joalo-joalo. Ka linako tse ling ho tsejoa bakuli ba li-vegetovascular dystonia. Lebaka le leng la ho kheloha hona ho tloha ho tloaelehileng e ka ba mali a ka hare.
Khatello e eketsehile
Khatello ea batho e tloaelehileng e tiisa ho sebetsa hantle ha litho tsohle le mekhoa ea bona, phepelo ea tsona ka tekanyo e loketseng ea oksijene le limatlafatsi. Haeba khatello ea systolic kapa ea diastolic e phahame kapa ka bobeli e eketseha, joale liphoso tsa tekanyo e ka khoneha. Ke hore, hoa hlokahala ho hlahloba hore na melao eohle ea ho sebelisa tonometer e ne e le teng. Ho phaella moo, hoa hlokahala hore u se ke ua kenyelletsa mabaka ao ka 'ona ho na le keketseho ea nakoana ea tlhaho khatellong e tloaelehileng ka mor'a ho felisoa ha ketso ea bona:
- khathatso e matla ea maikutlo;
- ho ikoetlisa;
- Ho ja haholo (haholo-holo ka mor'a ho ja letsoai, mafura, lijo tse monate);
- ho noa joala;
- ho sebetsa ka thata;
- boemo ba leholimo.
Khatello e eketsehileng - lisosa
Khatello ea mali e phahameng ea nako e telele (khatello ea kelello) e ka bakoa ke tse latelang:
- atherosclerosis ;
- ho tlōla molumo oa sefahleho;
- ho eketseha ha viscosity ea mali;
- mafu a liphio (lihlahala, ho ruruha, ho kula ha metsoako ea liphio);
- mokokotlo oa osteochondrosis;
- li-hormonal (hyper- and hypothyroidism, Conn's syndrome, lefu la tsoekere la glomerulosclerosis, pheochromocytoma);
- ho noa meriana e itseng (lithethefatsi tse seng li-steroidal tse khahlanong le ho ruruha, meriana ea khohlela, lithibela-pelehi);
- ho tsoa likotsi;
- mekhoa e mebe (ho noa khafetsa, ho tsuba)
- ho imeloa kelellong, khatello ea maikutlo;
- ho feta boima ba 'mele.
Mathata a phahameng - matšoao
Ho na le likhato tse tharo tsa khatello ea meriana ea mali, e thehiloeng ho matšoao a tonometer:
- Tekeng ea ka - ka holimo ho 140/90 mm Hg. p.
- Degree ea II - ka holimo ho 160/100 mm Hg. p.
- Tekanyo ea III - ka holimo ho 180/110 mm Hg. Art.
Ho itšetlehile ka tekanyo eo, matšoao a mokuli a nang le khatello ea kelello e ka fapana, 'me boima ba bona ha bo tšoane. Ho na le linyeoe ha bakuli ba sa bone matšoao a tšosang ho hang, ikutloa ba tloaelehile likhatellong tse phahameng. Tabeng ena, re ka khetholla mehlala e mengata e bontšitsoeng ka morao ea khatello e eketsehileng maemong a mangata:
- lerata litsebeng ;
- "Hoa makatsa" ka pel'a mahlo;
- hlooho (hangata ea tlhaho ea tlhaho);
- botsoa;
- takatso ea ho hlatsa;
- bofubelu ba sefahleho;
- ho ruruha;
- nosebleeds ;
- bohloko bofubeng;
- lipillo tsa pelo.
Khatello ea mali e phahameng - seo u lokelang ho se etsa?
Haeba khatello e phahama, mehato e lokela ho nkoa e le ho e tsitsisa ho thibela ntshetsopele ea mathata a nang le khatello ea kelello (ha matšoao a tonometer a fetela bohlokoa ba 200/110 mm Hg). Haeba marotholi a khatello ea mali a se a ntse a tlalehiloe pele, 'me ngaka e fana ka moriana o thibelang ho bolaea likokoana-hloko, u tlameha ho o nka feela. Maemong a mang, e 'ngoe ea litlhahiso tse latelang e ka sebelisoa: ho fokotsa khatello ea ntlo:
- Etsa libaka tse ling tse fapaneng tsa metsotso e leshome, ho phahamisa maoto ka maqeba ka nako e chesang (metsotso e 2), ebe o pholile (metsotso e 30) metsi.
- Ho etsa hore leoto le qobelle, bakeng sa ho hlapolla halofo ea asene ka metsi, 'me, ha le kolobisitsoe tharolong ena thaole, ho koahela maoto ka metsotso e 10-15.
- Etsa kopo ka morao oa molaleng oa molala kapa oa namane ka metsotso e 7-10.
Khatello e fokotsehile
Haeba likarolo tsa tonometer li le tlaase ho feta khatello e tloaelehileng ea motho ea phetseng hantle, empa boemo bo akaretsang ha bo hatakeloe, sena se ka nkoa e le sebopeho sa motho ka mong. Haeba batho ba joalo ba hlahisitsoe ke khatello ea maikutlo (meriana kapa ka mekhoa e ratoang), ba ikutloa ba senyehile bophelong ba bona. Hangata batho ba bapalami ba litsebi ba atisa ho ba le khatello ea kelello, nako e telele ba pepesehetse litebelisoa tse boima. Ho phaella moo, khatello e ka fokotseha ka nakoana maemong a phahameng a mongobo le moea o sa tloaelehang.
Mathata a tlaase
Sepheo sa hypotension maemong a mangata se na le tse latelang:
- endocrine pathologies (hypo-or hyperfunction ea qoqotho ea qoqotho, ho se sebetse ha litšoelesa tsa adrenal);
- ho lahleheloa ke mali ka lebaka la likotsi, ho chesa, ho tsoa mali;
- ho tsoa metsing;
- khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng;
- sepsis;
- ho noa lithethefatsi tse ling (li-anti-depression, diuretics, adrenoblockers);
- lefu la pelo (mathata a lipeo tsa pelo, bradycardia);
- phekolo e matla ea ho hlasela.
Khaello ea mali - matšoao
Ha ho bontšoa hore tonometer e tlaase ho feta khatello e tloaelehileng ea motho, hangata ho na le matšoao a joalo a hypotension:
- bofokoli bo matla, mokhathala;
- bohloko bo hloohong (hangata sebakeng sa litempele);
- botsoa ;
- ho fifala mahlong;
- bohloko bo ka lebokoseng;
- tšitiso;
- boikutlo ba ho hloka moea;
- ho phatloha ha maoto.
Khatello e tlaase - ke eng eo u lokelang ho e etsa?
Ho fokotsa khatello ea khatello ea mali e tloaelehileng ho batho, o ka nka moriana o khothalletsoang ke ngaka ea hau. Ho phaella moo, mekhoa e latelang e tummeng ea ho eketsa khatello ea mali e ka thusa:
- Ja karolo ea tsokolate e lefifi, tepo ea mahe a linotši kapa noa tee e futhumetseng, kofi.
- Etsa li-acupressure, liphello libakeng tse latelang: sebaka pakeng tsa nko le molomo o phahameng, litsebe, lesela le leoto la letsoho le letšehali.
- Nka sesepa se fapaneng , ho qeta mokhoa ona ka metsi a batang le ho senya setopo ka matla.